Statistical results from mixed-effects ANOVAs for all metabolic and hormonal variables.

Note: Results from the Linear Mixed Models Analysis are shown including the mean (± SE) values from B1 and SR5, F value, numerator degrees of freedom (DFNUM), denominator degrees of freedom (DFDENOM) and significance (p) values. ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone; SHBG, sex hormone binding globulin; HOMA, homeostatic model assessment. ‘Condition’ refers to a difference between B1 and SR5, while ‘Time of Day’ refers to the change over the day of blood sampling. There was a significant day effect (B1 compared with SR5) for cortisol, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, leptin and sex hormone binding globulin. A trend for decreasing testosterone was found. A significant draw effect (change in levels within B1 and SR5) was found for ACTH, cortisol, glucose, insulin, triglycerides, leptin and testosterone. Day by draw interactions were found for glucose and insulin. pg/ml, picogram per milliliter; nmol/l, nanomol per liter; mmol/l, millimol per liter; uU/ml, micromoles per milliliter; and ng/ml, nanograms per milliliter.