INTERNATIONAL CONCEPTS OF TRANSPORT SAFETY AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Transport safety has become a fundamental component of sustainable mobility, public health, and socio-economic development. The continuous growth of motorization, urbanization, freight transportation, and mobility demand creates new challenges for road safety systems and requires the implementation of evidence-based international approaches. This article examines the major international concepts of transport safety and analyzes selected foreign practices aimed at reducing road traffic deaths and serious injuries. Particular attention is given to the Safe System approach, the Vision Zero concept, the Decade of Action for Road Safety 2021–2030, risk-based road infrastructure management, vehicle safety technologies, speed management, and protection of vulnerable road users. The analysis demonstrates that modern international practice is gradually moving from an accident-prevention model focused primarily on individual road-user responsibility toward a systemic approach in which responsibility for safety is shared among road users, infrastructure designers, vehicle manufacturers, transport authorities, law-enforcement institutions, and emergency services. International experience indicates that effective transport safety policies require coordinated measures covering safe roads, safe speeds, safe vehicles, safe road users, and effective post-crash response. The study concludes that the adaptation of international principles to national conditions can provide an important methodological basis for improving transport safety management.