Essential oil bioassay of three Artemisia species

Essential oils (EO) have been consistently reported as molecules with insecticidal activity and can be used to produce more environmentally friendly larvicides in the control of A. aegypti. In this study, the larvicidal effect of essential oils (EO) from the leaves of three Artemisia species was evaluated against A. aegypti. The oils were obtained from steam distillation and their chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The EO of Artemisia camphorata was the most active in the screening bioassay and presented LC50 and LC95 of 64.95 and 74.18 µg mL-1, respectively. In addition, we found that germacrene D-4-ol was the constituent responsible for the toxicity of this EO. A. camphorata EO and its major constituent, germacrene D-4-ol, are promising for the development of natural larvicides against A. aegypti.
Concentration-mortality data were submitted to Probit analysis (PROC PROBIT, SAS 9.2, http://support.sas.com/rnd/app/stat/9.2/stat92resources.html) to estimate the LC50 and LC95 (lethal concentration for 50% and 95% of the larvae, respectively).

精油（EO）作为具有杀虫活性的分子，一直被报道可用于生产更加环保的蚊幼虫杀虫剂，以控制埃及伊蚊（A. aegypti）。在本研究中，评估了三种蒿属植物叶子的精油（EO）对埃及伊蚊的幼虫杀虫效果。精油通过水蒸气蒸馏获得，其化学成分通过气相色谱-质谱联用技术确定。蒿樟精油在筛选生物测定中显示出最高的活性，其LC50和LC95值分别为64.95和74.18 µg mL-1。此外，我们发现大根香叶烯D-4-醇是该精油毒性的主要成分。蒿樟精油及其主要成分大根香叶烯D-4-醇，对开发针对埃及伊蚊的自然蚊幼虫杀虫剂具有广阔的应用前景。浓度-死亡率数据被提交至Probit分析（PROC PROBIT，SAS 9.2，http://support.sas.com/rnd/app/stat/9.2/stat92resources.html）以估算LC50和LC95（分别表示对50%和95%的幼虫具有致死浓度的浓度）。