Dinosaur locomotion and biomechanics, especially of their pelvic girdles and hindlimbs, have been analyzed in numerous studies. However, detailed volumetric musculoskeletal models of their tails are r
This study simulates physical working conditions by utilizing the built-in simulation functions of the proprietary ABAQUS software to analyze resistance changes during neural growth. As a result, it d
Macroevolutionary changes such as variation in habitat use or diet are often associated with convergent, adaptive changes in morphology. However, it is still unclear how small-scale morphological vari
Each row of whiskers is attached to one superficial extrinsic protracting muscle, which represents Pars media superior (PMS) or Pars media inferior (PMI) of the M. nasolabialis profundus, for rows A–B