Calculating potential cumulative carbon fixed and evolutionary stage for Earthlike planets in our solar neighborhood

We propose a novel method for estimating possible evolutionary stage on
exoplanets based on the hypothesis that evolutionary rate is a linear
function of cumulative carbon fixed on an entire planet.  We
explore the implications of this hypothesis using spatially explicit
climate simulations of TRAPPIST-1e, a tidally locked planet within the
habitable zone of a red dwarf star ~40 light years away.  We
estimate that Earth has cumulatively fixed ~9.4 e25 g C carbon, and
TRAPPIST 1e (T1e) as an ocean world with 400 ppm CO2 using photon energy
of wavelengths 400 -1100 nm would need 22 Gy years to fix the same amount
of carbon.  Since T1e's mean estimated age is 7.6 Gyr, we
estimate it to be at a potential microbial, but not multicellular life
stage.  We then apply this technique to 29 nearby exoplanets that
may have the conditions suitable for harboring life and using 400-1100nm
light, assuming a 30% continent ratio. We identify one planet that
surpasses Earth’s cumulative NPP and which could have both multicellular
and intelligent life and 5 planets at the potential multicellular
stage.  Planets most likely to have higher cumulative NPP than
Earth are also most likely to be dominated (more than Earth) by
precipitation-limited ecosystems, like deserts or temperate ecosystems
(versus boreal or tropical ecosystems).  Planets GJ1061c and
K2-3D rank highest in cumulative productivity potential under a number of
our scenarios because they are bigger, hotter, brighter, and older than
other planets in the solar neighborhood.