VR Nature Therapy: Embodiment and Emotional Regulation through Immersive Virtual Environments

This within-subjects study examined how cultural familiarity (Hong Kong marine vs. German forest sceneries) and interaction mode (sitting vs. standing) affect mood, embodiment, nature connectedness, and VR presence in 31 participants (mean age 22.5 years, SD 2.1; 18 female, 13 male; no prior VR experience reported by 74%). Using immersive 360-degree VR natural sceneries, we assessed outcomes via standardized scales before and after exposure. Results revealed significant pre- to post-exposure improvements in mood (reduced anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension) and embodiment (enhanced Body Unencumbered Adjustment), suggesting VR nature therapies' potential for treating mood disorders.