(Table 1) Stratigraphical distribution of Cenozoic terrestrial palynomorphs from sediment core CRP-3@en

Sparse low diversity early Oligocene spore-pollen assemblages above c. 410 mbsf (meters blow sea floor) in CRP-3 are dominated by Nothofagus pollen, and are very similar in composition to those from the lower part of CRP-2A. Anther-derived pollen aggregates, and a Nothofagus leaf at 44.12 mbsf show that the palynomorphs were derived from vegetation growing at the time of deposition. This woody vegetation included several species of Nothofagus and podocarpaceous conifers, a few other angiosperm families, and few cryptogams except for bryophytes, In favourable sites the vegetation may have comprised a low scrub or closed forest intermediate stature and floristic richness between that of the Eocene and the limited vegetation of the late Oligocene to earl Miocene. It may have similar to Nothofagus woodland of the present-day Magellanic region, with summer mean daily temperatures at sea level of c. 10-12° C. More stunted vegetation would have existed in exposed and upland sites. Wetland vegetation appears to have been minor, although Coptospora may in part represent a mire community. […]