Agricultural Census, 2008 - Argentina

Abstract
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The National Agricultural Census is the main source of statistical data on all farms. Its main purpose is to obtain information on the central characteristics of agricultural, livestock and forestry activity. It allows, from the information, to make updating samples, to identify and quantify new forms of organization of the agricultural production, to give account of the best data to update the National Accounts and in short it is part of the necessary inputs to make diagnoses of the agricultural sector that allow to formulate strategic plans in the diverse areas of government and in the private sector or social organizations.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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Households

Universe
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The statistical unit was the agricultural holding (Explotacion Agropecuaria, or EAP), defined as "the organizational unit of agricultural production with at least 500 m2 within a single province that, regardless of the number of parcels: (i) produces crop, livestock or forestry goods for marketing; (ii) has a management that manages the functions and assumes the risks associated with production activities; and (iii) utilizes in all its parcels the same production means and part of the same labour". The agricultural holdings comprised both holdings in the household-sector and in non-household-sector.

Kind of data
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Census/enumeration data [cen]

Sampling procedure
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Sampling Frame

For census purposes, INDEC mapping divides the territory of each province into census "fractions" (fracciones), further divided into radios. This division is fundamentally linked to the population census. The radio may be classified as one of three types: rural, urban and mixed. Most of the radios classified as rural and mixed were covered by the AC; urban areas were excluded. In each province, radios that were classified as rural but that were part of mountainous areas, deserts, lake areas and watercourses were excluded. This selection of radios yielded the territory to be covered by the AC 2008.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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Two types of questionnaire were used for data collection.

(a) The first, comprehensive questionnaire included the census items related to land, irrigation, crops, livestock, forestry, agricultural practices, machinery and equipment, labour and agriculture.

(b) The second questionnaire was used to collect some economic data on the holding.

The AC questionnaire included all 16 core items recommended by FAO for the WCA 2010, namely;

0001 Identification and location of agricultural holding
0002+ Legal status of agricultural holder
0003 Sex of agricultural holder
0004 Age of agricultural holder
0005 Household size
0006 Main purpose of production of the holding
0007 Area of holding according to land use types
0008 Total area of holding
0009 Land tenure types on the holding
0010 Presence of irrigation on the holding
0011 Types of temporary crops on the holding
0012 Types of permanent crops on the holding and whether in compact plantation
0013 Number of animals on the holding for each livestock type
0014 Presence of aquaculture on the holding
0015+ Presence of forest and other wooded land on the holding
0016 Other economic production activities of the holding's enterprise

Cleaning operations
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(a) DATA PROCESSING AND ARCHIVING
Manual data entry was used for census data capture. SAS was used for data processing and analysis, and for generating tables.

(b) CENSUS DATA QUALITY
Post-census checks against external data, as well as against data from the previous census, showed that significant undercoverage had taken place. For this reason, only preliminary results were disseminated. Officially, 24 million ha are recognized not to have been censed (approximately 14 percent of the undercoverage).

Data appraisal
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Only certain provisional census data at the national level were disseminated (in October-November 2009). The census report, with final results, was not published, because data collection had not been completed in some important agricultural provinces, such as Buenos Aires and Corrientes. Instead, census results were published separately at provincial level only (for the 23 provinces).

摘要
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国家农业普查是所有农场统计数据的主要来源。其主要目的是获取有关农业、畜牧业和林业活动的核心特征信息。据此信息，可以进行样本更新，识别和量化农业生产组织的新形式，为更新国家账户提供最佳数据，简言之，它是编制农业部门诊断的必要输入之一，这些诊断有助于在政府各个领域、私营部门或社会组织中制定战略计划。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单元
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家庭
总体
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统计单位是农业经营单位（Explotacion Agropecuaria，或EAP），定义为“在单一省份内至少拥有500平方米的农业生产组织单位，无论地块数量：（i）生产用于销售的农作物、畜牧业或林业产品；（ii）拥有管理生产活动职能并承担与生产活动相关的风险的管理机构；（iii）在其所有地块上使用相同的生产手段和部分相同的劳动力”。农业经营单位包括家庭部门和非常户部门。
数据类型
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普查/登记数据 [cen]
抽样程序
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抽样框架

为了普查目的，INDEC将每个省份的领土划分为普查‘分数’（fracciones），进一步划分为无线电。这种划分与人口普查密切相关。无线电可能被归类为三种类型之一：农村、城市和混合。大多数被归类为农村和混合的无线电都包括在AC中；城市地区被排除在外。在每个省份中，被归类为农村但属于山区、沙漠、湖区和河流地区的无线电被排除。这种无线电的选择产生了AC 2008需覆盖的领土。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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在数据收集过程中使用了两种类型的问卷。

（a）第一种是综合问卷，包括与土地、灌溉、农作物、畜牧业、林业、农业实践、机械设备、劳动力和农业相关的普查项目。

（b）第二种问卷用于收集有关经营单位的一些经济数据。
AC问卷包括了FAO为2010年WCA推荐的16个核心项目，即；

0001 农业经营单位的识别和定位
0002+ 农业持有者的法律地位
0003 农业持有者的性别
0004 农业持有者的年龄
0005 家庭规模
0006 经营单位生产的主要目的
0007 按土地利用类型划分的经营单位面积
0008 经营单位总面积
0009 经营单位上的土地所有权类型
0010 经营单位上的灌溉情况
0011 经营单位上的临时作物类型
0012 经营单位上的永久作物类型及其是否为紧密种植园
0013 每种畜牧业类型的经营单位上的动物数量
0014 经营单位上的水产养殖情况
0015+ 经营单位上的森林和其他林地情况
0016 经营单位企业其他经济生产活动

数据清理操作
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（a）数据加工和存档
手动数据输入用于普查数据捕获。SAS用于数据处理和分析，以及生成表格。

（b）普查数据质量
普查后，对外部数据和上一届普查数据的核对表明，发生了重大未覆盖。因此，仅发布了初步结果。官方承认有2400万公顷未被普查（约14%的未覆盖）。
数据评估
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仅在国家级别发布了某些临时普查数据（2009年10月-11月）。由于某些重要农业省份，如布宜诺斯艾利斯和科连特斯的数据收集尚未完成，因此未发布普查报告，其中包含最终结果。相反，仅在省级层面单独发布了普查结果（针对23个省份）。