PAIN DYSFUNCTION OF THE TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT: PATHOGENESIS, CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA, AND MODERN TREATMENT APPROACHES

Pain dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) belongs to the group of temporomandibular disorders and is a multifactorial disease characterized by a combination of articular and myofascial pain, impaired function of the masticatory muscles and changes in the biomechanics of the mandible. The high prevalence of the pathology, its chronic course and its tendency to relapse determine its importance in clinical dentistry. The purpose of this work is to summarize current data on the pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnostic criteria and principles of complex treatment of TMJ pain dysfunction. The article discusses occlusive, muscular, neurogenic, and psychoemotional factors that determine the development of the disease. Modern diagnostic algorithms based on DC/TMD criteria and evidence-based methods of conservative therapy are presented. The need for an interdisciplinary approach to achieve a sustainable clinical outcome is emphasized.