STEP Skills Measurement Household Survey 2015-2016 (Wave 3) - Philippines

Abstract
---------------------------

The STEP Measurement program is the first ever initiative to generate internationally comparable data on skills available in developing countries. The program implements standardized surveys to gather information on the supply and distribution of skills and the demand for skills in labor market of low-income countries.

The uniquely-designed Household Survey includes modules that measure the cognitive skills (reading, writing and numeracy), socio-emotional skills (personality, behavior and preferences) and job-specific skills (subset of transversal skills with direct job relevance) of a representative sample of adults aged 15 to 64 living in urban areas, whether they work or not. The cognitive skills module also incorporates a direct assessment of reading literacy based on the Survey of Adults Skills instruments. Modules also gather information about family, health and language.

Geographic coverage
---------------------------

The STEP survey was limited to the Urban Areas.

Analysis unit
---------------------------

The units of analysis are the individual respondents and households. A household roster is undertaken at the start of the survey and the individual respondent is randomly selected among all household members aged 15 to 64 included. The random selection process was designed by the STEP team and compliance with the procedure is carefully monitored during fieldwork.

Universe
---------------------------

The target population is defined as all non-institutionalized persons aged 15 to 64 (inclusive) living in private dwellings in the urban areas of the country at the time of the data collection. This includes all residents, except foreign diplomats and non-nationals working for international organizations.

Kind of data
---------------------------

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
---------------------------

The Philippines sample design is a 4-stage sample design. There was no explicit stratification but the sample is implicitly stratified by Urban Region. Implicit stratification was achieved by sorting the PSUs by Urban Region and selecting a systematic sample of PSUs.

- First Stage Sample: The primary sample unit (PSU) is a Barangay Segment. The first stage units were selected by the World Bank Survey Methodologist.
Each PSU is uniquely defined by the sample frame variable ‘SEG#_BGY’, i.e., the Segment ID# within a Barangay. The sampling objective was to conduct interviews in 200 PSUs. In addition, 25 extra PSUs were selected for use in case it was impossible to conduct any interviews in one or more initially selected PSUs. (N.B. None of the 25 extra PSUs were required to be activated.)

- Second Stage Sample: The second stage sample unit (SSU) is a dwelling. The sampling objective was to obtain interviews at 15 dwellings within each selected PSU. The dwellings were selected in each PSU using a systematic random method.

- Third Stage Sample: The third stage sample unit is a household. The sampling objective is to select one household within each selected dwelling. The households are randomly selected with equal probability in each PSU.
N.B. The Philippines firm indicated that all selected dwellings contained one household, i.e., there were no multiple household dwellings in the STEP sample.

- Fourth Stage Sample: The third stage sample unit was an individual aged 15-64 (inclusive). The sampling objective was to select one individual with equal probability from each selected household.

SAMPLE SIZE

The Philippines firm’s sampling objective is to obtain interviews from 3000 individuals in the urban areas of Philippines.

Mode of data collection
---------------------------

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
---------------------------

The STEP survey instruments include:

- Background Questionnaire developed by the WB STEP team

- Reading Literacy Assessment developed by Educational Testing Services (ETS).

All countries adapted and translated both instruments following the STEP Technical Standards: 2 independent translators adapted and translated the Background Questionnaire and Reading Literacy Assessment, while reconciliation was carried out by a third translator. The WB STEP team and ETS collaborated closely with the survey firms during the process and reviewed the adaptation and translation (using a back translation).

Cleaning operations
---------------------------

STEP Data Management Process:

1. Raw data is sent by the survey firm. All coding and scoring (of the Reading Literacy Assessment booklets) is carried out by the survey firms, following STEP Technical Standards. Training was provided to the survey firms at the start of the project.

2. The WB STEP team runs data checks on the Background Questionnaire data. ETS runs data checks on the Reading Literacy Assessment data. Comments and questions are sent back to the survey firm.

3. The survey firm reviews comments and questions. When a data entry error is identified, the survey firm corrects the data.

4. The WB STEP team and ETS check the data files are clean. This might require additional iterations with the survey firm.

5. Once the data has been checked and cleaned, the WB STEP team computes the weights. Weights are computed by the STEP team to ensure consistency across sampling methodologies.

6. ETS scales the Reading Literacy Assessment data.

7. The WB STEP team merges the Background Questionnaire data with the Reading Literacy Assessment data and computes derived variables. Detailed information data processing in STEP surveys is provided in the "Guidelines for STEP Data Entry Programs", provided as an external resource.

Response rate
---------------------------

An overall response rate of 94.8% was achieved in the Philippines STEP Survey.

Sampling error estimates
---------------------------

A weighting documentation was prepared for each participating country and provides some information on sampling errors. All country weighting documentations are provided as an external resource.

{'Abstract': "摘要
---------------------------
STEP测量项目是全球首次旨在生成发展中国家可利用技能的国际可比数据的开创性举措。该项目通过实施标准化的调查来收集关于低收入国家劳动力市场中技能供给和分布以及技能需求的信息。

该独具匠心的家庭调查包含测量15至64岁成年人在城市地区认知技能（阅读、写作和算术）、社会情感技能（性格、行为和偏好）以及特定职业技能（与工作直接相关的跨技能子集）的模块。认知技能模块还结合了基于成人技能调查工具的直接阅读能力评估。模块还收集有关家庭、健康和语言的信息。

地理覆盖范围
---------------------------
STEP调查仅限于城市地区。

分析单位
---------------------------
分析单位为个体受访者和家庭。调查开始时进行家庭名单编制，并在所有15至64岁的家庭成员中随机选择个体受访者。随机选择过程由STEP团队设计，并在实地工作中仔细监控程序遵守情况。

总体
---------------------------
目标总体定义为在数据收集时居住在国家城市地区的所有非机构化人员，年龄在15至64岁之间（含）。这包括所有居民，但 excludes 外国外交官和国际组织工作的非本国国民。

数据类型
---------------------------
样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
---------------------------
菲律宾样本设计是一个四阶段样本设计。没有进行明确的分层，但样本在隐式分层上按城市地区进行。通过按城市地区对PSU进行排序并选择一个系统样本PSU来实现隐式分层。

- 第一阶段样本：一级样本单元（PSU）是巴朗地区。第一阶段单元由世界银行调查方法学家选择。每个PSU由样本框变量'sEG#_BGY'唯一定义，即巴朗内的段ID#。抽样目标是采访200个PSU。此外，还选择了25个额外的PSU，以防在最初选定的一个或多个PSU中无法进行任何采访。（注意。这25个额外的PSU中没有一个需要激活。）

- 第二阶段样本：第二阶段样本单元（SSU）是住宅。抽样目标是获取每个选定PSU内15个住宅的采访。在每个PSU中使用系统随机方法选择住宅。

- 第三阶段样本：第三阶段样本单元是家庭。抽样目标是选择每个选定住宅中的一个家庭。在每个PSU中，家庭以相等的概率随机选择。

注意。菲律宾公司表示，所有选定的住宅都包含一个家庭，即STEP样本中没有多户住宅。

- 第四阶段样本：第三阶段样本单元是一个15至64岁（含）的个体。抽样目标是从每个选定家庭中按相等概率选择一个个体。

样本量

菲律宾公司的抽样目标是获得菲律宾城市地区3000个人的采访。

数据收集方式
---------------------------
面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
---------------------------
STEP调查工具包括：

- 世界银行STEP团队开发的背景问卷

- 由教育测试服务（ETS）开发的阅读能力评估。

所有国家都根据STEP技术标准对这两种工具进行了适应性改编和翻译：2名独立翻译者改编和翻译了背景问卷和阅读能力评估，而协调工作则由第三位翻译者完成。在过程中，世界银行STEP团队与ETS紧密合作，并审查了适应性改编和翻译（使用回译）。

清洗操作
---------------------------
STEP数据管理流程：

1. 调查公司发送原始数据。所有编码和评分（阅读能力评估手册）由调查公司执行，遵循STEP技术标准。在项目开始时为调查公司提供了培训。

2. WB STEP团队对背景问卷数据进行数据检查。ETS对阅读能力评估数据进行数据检查。将评论和问题发送回调查公司。

3. 调查公司审查评论和问题。当识别出数据输入错误时，调查公司纠正数据。

4. WB STEP团队和ETS检查数据文件是否干净。这可能需要与调查公司进行额外的迭代。

5. 一旦数据经过检查和清理，WB STEP团队计算权重。权重由STEP团队计算以确保抽样方法的一致性。

6. ETS缩放阅读能力评估数据。

7. WB STEP团队将背景问卷数据与阅读能力评估数据合并并计算派生变量。STEP调查的详细数据处理信息在“STEP数据输入程序指南”中提供，作为外部资源。

响应率
---------------------------
菲律宾STEP调查实现了94.8%的整体响应率。

抽样误差估计
---------------------------
为每个参与国准备了加权文档，并提供有关抽样误差的一些信息。所有国家的加权文档均作为外部资源提供。"}