<i>Plasmopara viticola</i> effector PvRXLR159 suppresses immune responses in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>

<i>Plasmopara viticola</i>, the causal oomycete of grapevine downy mildew disease, secrets a series of RXLR effectors to manipulate host immunity. In this study, we characterized the role of a RXLR effector of <i>P. viticola</i>, PvRXLR159, in plant–microbe interaction. Transcription of <i>PvRXLR159</i> in <i>P. viticola</i> was induced in the early stage of infection in grapevine (<i>Vitis vinifera</i> ‘Thomson Seedless’). Further results revealed that PvRXLR159 contains a functional signal peptide and its C terminus was essential to inhibit cell death by elicitors, INF1 and BAX, in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Transient expression of PvRXLR159 suppressed <i>N. benthamiana</i> resistance to a pathogenic oomycete, <i>Phytophthora capsici</i>. Taken together, we propose that PvRXLR159 is induced and secreted by <i>P. viticola</i> to suppress host resistance.葡萄霜霉菌（Plasmopara viticola）是引发葡萄霜霉病的致病卵菌，其分泌一系列RXLR效应子以调控宿主免疫。本研究中，我们阐明了葡萄霜霉菌RXLR效应子PvRXLR159在植物-微生物互作中的功能。在侵染葡萄（Vitis vinifera ‘Thomson Seedless’，即汤姆森无核葡萄）的早期阶段，PvRXLR159在葡萄霜霉菌体内的转录水平被诱导上调。进一步实验结果显示，PvRXLR159具备功能性信号肽，其C端结构域对于抑制本氏烟（Nicotiana benthamiana）中激发子INF1与BAX诱导的细胞死亡至关重要。在本氏烟中瞬时表达PvRXLR159，可削弱其对致病卵菌辣椒疫霉（Phytophthora capsici）的抗性。综上，我们推测PvRXLR159由葡萄霜霉菌诱导表达并分泌，以抑制宿主免疫抗性。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集研究Plasmopara viticola效应子PvRXLR159，这是一种在葡萄霜霉病病原卵菌中分泌的RXLR效应子，用于抑制宿主免疫反应。关键发现包括PvRXLR159在感染早期被诱导表达，其C端对抑制细胞死亡至关重要，并能抑制Nicotiana benthamiana对致病卵菌Phytophthora capsici的抗性。总体而言，数据集揭示了PvRXLR159作为免疫抑制因子的作用机制。