西藏三个地区的藏族人群Y染色体SNP及STR分型数据（2019-2021）

为研究藏族人群的父系遗传结构，我们采集了阿里（n=211）、昌都（n=119）和林芝（n=117）的男性藏族个体共447个。首先，通过SNP分型的方法，确定了每个样本的单倍群归属。其次，采用ABI 3130XL，用荧光标记引物对8个STR位点进行检测，以进一步研究该人群的Y染色体遗传多样性。结果表明，三个地区的藏族人群以D类群为主（阿里54.50%、林芝64.10%、昌都67.23%），其中D-P47的频率最高（阿里29.39%、林芝51.28%、昌都55.46%），D-N1则呈现相反的趋势，昌都10.92%、林芝11.97%、阿里21.33%。其次是O-M117（平均频率25.28%），其中阿里最高（29.86%）、其次是林芝（26.50%）和昌都（15.97%）。此外，相比于其他两个群体，阿里藏族群体中还有着较多的欧亚西部组分，如R-M17（1.42%）、R-M343（1.42%）、以及J类群，这反映了欧亚西部人群对藏族人群的遗传影响。本数据及和去年发布的拉萨藏族Y染色体数据相整合，能够实现不同藏族人群的遗传结构的比较，进而通过系统发育以及溯祖分析，能够揭示不同藏族人群的群体历史。

To investigate the patrilineal genetic structure of the Tibetan population, we collected a total of 447 male Tibetan individuals from Ngari (n=211), Qamdo (n=119), and Nyingchi (n=117). First, we determined the haplogroup assignment of each sample using SNP genotyping. Second, we amplified and detected 8 STR loci with fluorescent-labeled primers via an ABI 3130XL genetic analyzer to further examine the Y-chromosomal genetic diversity of this population. The results showed that the Tibetan populations from the three regions were dominated by haplogroup D (54.50% in Ngari, 64.10% in Nyingchi, 67.23% in Qamdo). Specifically, D-P47 had the highest frequency (29.39% in Ngari, 51.28% in Nyingchi, 55.46% in Qamdo), while D-N1 showed an opposite trend: 10.92% in Qamdo, 11.97% in Nyingchi, and 21.33% in Ngari. The second most prevalent haplogroup was O-M117, with an average frequency of 25.28%, and the highest proportion was observed in Ngari (29.86%), followed by Nyingchi (26.50%) and Qamdo (15.97%). In addition, compared with the other two Tibetan populations, the Ngari group harbored a higher proportion of West Eurasian ancestry components, including R-M17 (1.42%), R-M343 (1.42%), and haplogroup J, which reflects the genetic influence of West Eurasian populations on the Tibetan population. When integrated with the published Y-chromosomal dataset of Lhasa Tibetans released last year, this dataset enables comparative analyses of the genetic structures of different Tibetan populations. Further phylogenetic and coalescent analyses can reveal the population history of diverse Tibetan groups.

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含2019-2021年采集的447个西藏阿里、昌都和林芝地区藏族男性个体的Y染色体SNP和STR分型数据，旨在研究藏族人群的父系遗传结构。结果显示，三个地区人群以D类群（尤其是D-P47）和O-M117为主要单倍群，并发现阿里群体存在欧亚西部遗传影响，如R-M17和J类群。数据可用于与其他藏族人群比较，以揭示群体历史。