Supplementary material for Roca-Neyra Equids: Late Miocene to Early Pleistocene Hipparion - Equus database for multivariate and statistical analysis for European fossil Equids

We undertake a redescription of the equid sample from the early Pleistocene of Roca – Neyra, France. This locality has been recently calibrated at the Pliocene/Pleistocene boundary (2.6 ± 0.2 Ma) and therefore it is of interest for the first appearance of the genus Equus and last appearance of hipparionine horses. The Roca – Neyra equid sample, re – analyzed herein using morphological, morphometrical and statistical analyses, has revealed the co – occurrence of Plesiohipparion cf. ?P. rocinantis and Equus cf. E. livenzovensis. The analysis undertaken on several European, African and Asian “Hipparion” sensu lato species from late Miocene to early Pleistocene has revealed different remnant Hipparion lineages in the Plio – Pleistocene of Europe: Plesiohipparion, Proboscidippaion and likely Cremohipparion. The discovery of the first European monodactyl horse, Equus cf. E. livenzovensis in itself correlates Roca – Neyra with other 2.6 Ma European localities in Italy, Spain and in the Khapry ...