Published ages and clock rates for microevolution in selected bacteria.

NOTE: H. pylori in Pacific was calculated from the raw output of the ClonalFrame analyses in citation [29] as μ = theta/2/coalescent unit/concatenated sequence length where theta, the mutation rate x 2, was 720.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 508.4–985.9), coalescent unit was 400,000 yrs and concatenated sequence length was 3,412 bp. The confidence limits of μ were 1.8×10−7 to 3.6×10−7. μS: synonymous clock rate per nucleotide per year. μ: mutational clock rate per nucleotide per year. The sampling period is designated as extant when date of sampling was not considered in date estimates.