Functional Convergence of the Core Microbiome Drives Nutrient Cycling in Geographically Distinct Small Greenhouse Aquaculture Systems of Litopenaeus vannamei

The small greenhouse aquaculture model for Litopenaeus vannamei, rapidly expanding across China for its high yield and water conservation, relies on microbial-mediated nutrient cycling to maintain water quality. However, geographic variability and functional stability of these microbial communities remains poorly characterized. Here, we integrated metagenomics to investigate microbial functional profiles, and ecological networks in small greenhouse aquaculture systems from two distinct South China regions (Hepu, Guangxi and Xuwen, Guangdong).