Laboratory VIS-SWIR spectrogoniometer NetCDF dataset for dust-coated Mars-analog minerals

This dataset contains laboratory visible to shortwave infrared (VIS–SWIR) spectrogoniometer measurements used to analyse the effect of Mars-analog dust coatings on mineral reflectance spectra under variable illumination-viewing geometry. The dataset is provided as a NetCDF file containing raw and processed bidirectional reflectance factor spectra for a suite of Mars-relevant mineral powders measured in three surface conditions: uncoated, lower dust coating, and higher dust coating. Measurements were acquired across multiple incidence, emission, and azimuth angles using a laboratory spectrogoniometer, allowing the influence of optical geometry and phase angle on dust-related spectral masking to be evaluated. The NetCDF file includes wavelength coordinates, mineral names, coating states, incidence angles, emission angles, azimuth angles, phase-angle information, raw replicate spectra, processed reflectance spectra, dust areal-density values, and experimental dust-loading spectra. These data support the analysis of dust-induced changes in reflectance, absorption-band depth, wavelength-dependent attenuation, and geometry-dependent spectral sensitivity. This dataset supports the manuscript “Relative obscurance of Martian hydrated mineral absorption features by dust depends on optical geometry” submitted to Geophysical Research Letters.