Data from: Frequency masking drives species-specific temporal avoidance strategies in boreal songbirds

Interference in acoustic signal transmission can impair communication, and
many vocalizing species use various strategies to avoid signal masking.
Past studies have focused primarily on the effect of anthropogenic noise
and overlap in sound frequency range, leaving a gap in our understanding
of how an individual’s vocal signal structure affects other animals in its
acoustic community. Using playback experiments we tested whether five
species of European boreal songbirds adjust their singing behavior to
avoid overlap with three novel acoustic intruders from sub-Saharan Africa,
each with a different song structure customized to each study species: (i)
continuous songs of narrow, partially-masking frequency based on the study
species’ peak frequency, (ii) non-continuous songs of broad, fully-masking
frequency and (iii) continuous songs of broad, fully-masking frequency.
All species showed evidence of temporal song avoidance only with
competitors whose songs were broad-spectrum and completely overlapped in
frequency range. The species differed in their behavioral response, either
modifying the song rate, song duration, or the timing of their songs.
These differences in behavior may be related to limitations imposed by the
species-specific information encoded in different song parameters, and
allow for predicting the consequences of changes in acoustic community
structure.