Cross-National Indicators of Liberal Democracy, 1950-1990

This study, a collection of crossnational measures of political democracy, contains over 800 variables for most of the world's independent countries. Political, social, and economic measures are available in the data file, and topics include adult suffrage, civil liberties, political rights, the openness, fairness, and competitiveness of the electoral process, executive and legislative selection and effectiveness, political party legitimacy, political participation, limitations on the executive branch of the government, level of democratization, economic openness, constitutional development, government legitimacy, and the outlook for freedom. A series of variables focuses on freedom and barriers to freedom, including freedom of peaceful assembly and association, mail censorship, women's rights, freedom of information and technology, freedom of political opposition, and freedom of the press. Compulsory membership in state organizations and political parties and compulsory religion in schools are addressed as well.

本项研究汇聚了跨国政治民主度的测量数据，涵盖了世界上大多数独立国家的800余个变量。数据文件中包含了政治、社会和经济指标，涵盖了成人选举权、公民自由、政治权利、选举过程的开放性、公正性和竞争性、行政和立法的选拔及有效性、政党合法性、政治参与、对政府行政分支的限制、民主化水平、经济开放度、宪法发展、政府合法性以及对自由的展望等多个主题。一系列变量专注于自由及其障碍，包括和平集会与结社自由、邮件审查、女性权利、信息与技术自由、政治反对自由以及新闻自由。此外，国家组织和政党强制成员资格以及学校强制宗教教育问题亦被涉及。