Descriptive statistics of animals.

LV indicates left ventricle; RV, right ventricle; CgA, chromogranin A; CgB, chromogranin B; BNP, B-type natriuretic peptide; IVSd, intraventricular septum thickness in diastole; IVSs, intraventricular septum thickness in systole; LVDd, LV diameter in diastole; LVDs, LV diameter in systole; LVFS, LV fractional shortening; PWd, posterior wall thickness in diastole; PWs, posterior wall thickness in systole; and LAD, left atrial diameter.mRNA levels were investigated in a subset of animals (n = 9 HF, n = 8 sham) and are presented as fold change±SEM. Echocardiographic data are reported as mean±SEM and are obtained from a representative subset of animals (13 HF animals, 6 sham animals).