REDISTRIBUTIVE MECHANISMS IN THE BRAZILIAN UNION’S FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE FOR BASIC EDUCATION

ABSTRACT: This article analyzes the influence of technical, redistributive and political-party factors in the Brazilian Union’s financial assistance to basic education, considering the federal government’s induction mechanisms in programs for legal and voluntary assistance. The analysis was performed based on data about Union’s transfers for the municipalities, found in the Transparency Website, during the period of 2004 to 2014. Using multiple regression analysis, empirical evidences are presented, showing that the federal government’s induction mechanisms influence the transfers for municipalities with low educational indicators and income. However, these mechanisms are restricted to a small group of action, being unable to promote equity among federated entities regarding financial resources.摘要：本文旨在分析巴西联邦政府对基础教育的财政援助中，技术因素、再分配因素与政党因素所产生的影响，同时考量联邦政府在法定援助与自愿援助两类项目中所运用的引导机制。本次分析以2004至2014年间，从透明度门户网站（Transparency Website）获取的联邦政府对各市政当局的转移支付数据为基础开展。研究采用多元回归分析方法，呈现的实证结果表明：联邦政府的引导机制会对教育指标与收入水平较低的市政当局的转移支付产生影响。但此类引导机制仅局限于少数行动领域，无法在联邦制实体间实现财政资源分配的公平性。