INTERPRETATIONS OF SOCIO-CULTURAL CHANGES AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN EASTERN AND WESTERN LEGAL-PHILOSOPHICAL DOCTRINES

This article examines the impact of socio-cultural transformations on the formation and transformation of legal consciousness in Eastern and Western legal-philosophical traditions from a comparative philosophical perspective. Legal consciousness is conceptualized not as a static set of legal knowledge, but as a dynamic socio-spiritual phenomenon shaped by historical experience, moral values, religious and cultural perceptions, political institutions, and everyday social practices. The legal-philosophical ideas of Al-Farabi, Ibn Sina, Ibn Rushd, Al-Biruni, Yusuf Khas Hajib and Nizam al-Mulk are compared with the approaches of Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Immanuel Kant, Hegel, Karl Marx, Eugen Ehrlich, Leon Petrażycki, Lawrence Friedman, Patricia Ewick and Susan Silbey.