Hepatitis A incidence and socioenvironmental determinants in Brazil: a 20-year time-series dataset

This dataset contains annual data on hepatitis A incidence and associated socioenvironmental determinants in Brazil over a 20-year period. It was compiled to support ecological time-series analyses investigating how structural and environmental factors influence the temporal dynamics of hepatitis A transmission.The dataset includes the number of confirmed hepatitis A cases and corresponding population estimates, allowing the calculation of incidence rates per 100,000 inhabitants. Socioeconomic conditions are represented by the Human Development Index (HDI) and sanitation coverage, reflecting structural determinants related to living conditions and access to basic infrastructure.Environmental variability is captured through hydrological indicators, including the annual number of inundation events and flood events. These variables were combined into a composite indicator of hydrological extremes (hydro_extreme), representing environmental disturbances that may affect pathogen transmission pathways, particularly in regions with limited sanitation infrastructure.Additionally, the dataset includes a binary variable indicating the post-vaccination period (from 2014 onwards), allowing the assessment of the impact of hepatitis A vaccine introduction on incidence trends.All variables were harmonized and structured for use in statistical modeling, particularly negative binomial regression and time-series analyses. The dataset is suitable for epidemiological, environmental health, and public health research focused on infectious disease dynamics and socioenvironmental determinants.