Atwater Study Plot, Alta, UT

This dataset includes quality assessed hourly radiation, atmospheric, and snow mass balance observation measured in situ by instrumentation permanently installed at Atwater Study Plot (ASP), a snow observation site located in Little Cottonwood Canyon, Wasatch Mountains, UT. Observation datasets are named ASP_WYyyyy_1hr, and are provided per water year as CSV files. The raw hourly dataset undergoes quality assessment and checking to filter extraneous values that are physically unreasonable, for example, negative snow depths, or positive solar radiation values at night. Data gaps, due to missing or removed values, are filled using interpolation. ASP is approximately a quarter acre in size and located in the town of Alta on the north side of Little Cottonwood Canyon across from Alta Ski Area (40.591206o N, 111.637685o W; 2668 m (8752 ft)). The plot encompasses an opening in an aspen and conifer forest, near tree line, and is roped off to limit site disturbance. The instrumentation platform, which is just above 3 m in height, sits near the center of the eastern half of the site. The instrumentation mounted on the platform includes temperature and relative humidity (Vaisala hmp45c), wind speed and direction (RM Young 05103), and a four component radiometer (Hukseflux NR01) with separate measurements of incoming and outgoing solar and longwave radiation from a set of four sensors. The radiation sensor is mounted on an arm extending away from the platform, and the instrument field of views are unobstructed. Similarly, snow depth is measured off of a master stake to the west of the platform (Campbell Scientific SR50A). Data is logged on a Campbell Scientific CR1000. Precipitation is included in the dataset, but it is taken from the adjacent Alta Guard site because a precipitation gauge was not yet installed at ASP the time of dataset publication. This dataset also includes hourly simulated snow energy balance and snowmelt datasets named ASP_WYyyyy_Snobal_1hr, provided per water year as CSV files. The 1d snow energy balance model SNOBAL (Marks et al., 1999) is used to calculate snow energy balance and change in phase at ASP. The model represents the snowpack as two layers, with a fixed depth (25 cm) active layer, and the remainder of the snowpack. Energy exchanges are calculated in the active layer, and then energy transfer is determined for the snowpack as a whole, from which the energy available for phase changes in both layers is determined. Inputs to the model include hourly averages of net shortwave radiation, longwave irradiance, air temperature, vapor pressure, wind speed, and precipitation mass.

本数据集包含经质量评估的逐小时辐射、大气及雪质量平衡（snow mass balance）原位（in situ）观测数据，所有数据由永久安装在阿特沃特观测样地（Atwater Study Plot，ASP）的仪器实地采集。该雪观测样地坐落于犹他州沃萨奇山脉的小卡顿伍德峡谷内。观测数据集的命名格式为ASP_WYyyyy_1hr，按水文年（water year）以CSV文件形式提供。
原始逐小时数据集需经过质量评估与检查，以过滤物理意义不合理的异常值，例如负雪深、夜间出现的正太阳辐射数值。针对因数据缺失或剔除产生的观测间隙，将通过插值方法进行填补。
ASP样地面积约0.25英亩，位于小卡顿伍德峡谷北侧的阿尔塔镇内，与阿尔塔滑雪场隔谷相望，地理坐标为北纬40.591206°、西经111.637685°，海拔2668米（8752英尺）。该样地地处林线附近的白杨与针叶林林隙中，已设置围栏以限制人为活动对场地的干扰。
高度略高于3米的观测平台位于样地东半部分的中心区域。平台上搭载的观测仪器包括：温湿度传感器（Vaisala hmp45c）、风速风向传感器（RM Young 05103），以及一套四分量辐射计（Hukseflux NR01），该辐射计通过四个独立传感器分别测量入射与出射的短波太阳辐射及长波辐射。辐射传感器安装在向外延伸的支架臂上，视场无遮挡。雪深数据则通过平台西侧的基准桩（Campbell Scientific SR50A）采集。所有观测数据由Campbell Scientific CR1000数据采集器记录。
数据集包含降水数据，但该数据取自相邻的阿尔塔警戒（Alta Guard）样地，原因是在本数据集发布时，ASP样地尚未安装降水测量仪器。
本数据集还包含逐小时模拟雪能量平衡（snow energy balance）与融雪数据集，命名格式为ASP_WYyyyy_Snobal_1hr，同样按水文年以CSV文件形式提供。本研究采用一维雪能量平衡模型SNOBAL（Marks等，1999），对ASP样地的雪能量平衡与相变过程进行计算。该模型将积雪划分为两层：固定深度（25厘米）的活跃层，以及剩余积雪层。能量交换过程在活跃层中完成计算，随后确定整个积雪层的能量传输情况，进而得出两层积雪中可用于相变的能量。模型的输入参数包括净短波辐射、长波辐照度、气温、水汽压、风速及降水质量的逐小时平均值。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含犹他州Atwater Study Plot (ASP)站点每小时辐射、大气和雪质量平衡的实地观测数据，经过质量评估和插值处理以确保数据可靠性。同时，数据集还提供基于SNOBAL模型的每小时雪能量平衡和融雪模拟数据，用于研究雪的能量交换和相变过程。