Andean Glacierized Catchment (Andean-GC) dataset

A comprehensive streamflow dataset for glacierized basins across the Andes mountains (glacier area > 0.1%), integrating data from Chile, Peru, and Argentina. The dataset combines institutional streamflow records with basin characteristics including topographic, climatic, and land cover attributes, along with historical ERA5 climate data for hydrological analysis and modeling. Streamflow sources | Region | Subregion | Source | Reference ||--------|-----------|--------|-----------|| Chile | < 40° S | CAMELS-CL | https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5817-2018 || Patagonia | > 40° S | PMET-obs | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02828-2 || Argentina | > 40° S | SNIH | http://snih.hidricosargentina.gob.ar/ || Peru | — | SENAMHI / ANDREA | https://snirh.ana.gob.pe/ANDREA/Inicio.aspx | Additional data sources:- **Glacier coverage**: RGI v6.0- **Climate data**: ERA5 (1960–2024)- **Topography**: FABDEM (based on COPDEM), 90 m resolution- **Land cover**: CGLOPS-1 (2019) Variables StreamflowDaily streamflow (m³/s) for ~250 stations spanning 1950–2024. Historical climate (ERA5, 1960–2024)- Precipitation (mm/d)- Maximum, minimum, and mean near-surface air temperature (°C)- Potential evapotranspiration (mm/d) Basin attributes- **Topography**: elevation (mean, median, std), slope, aspect, area, perimeter, Gravelius compactness index- **Climate**: mean precipitation, precipitation concentration index, evapotranspiration, aridity index, solid precipitation fraction, low/high precipitation frequency- **Glacier**: glacier coverage (RGI v6.0), surface elevation change rate (Hugonnet et al. 2021), ice volume (Millan et al. 2022, Farinotti et al. 2019)- **Land cover**: forest, shrubs, herbaceous, cropland, urban, sparse vegetation, water- **Infrastructure**: dam count (>100 hm³) Files | File | Description ||------|-------------|| `AndeanGC_data_1950_2024.csv` | Combined streamflow time series for all basins || `AndeanGC_data_1950_2024_qc.csv` | Quality-controlled streamflow time series || `AndeanGC_metadata.csv` | Basin metadata (coordinates, attributes, institutional info) || `AndeanGC_shape.gpkg` | Basin geometries and spatial attributes | Data processing pipeline The full processing pipeline is available in the GitHub repository (https://github.com/rodaguayo/AndeanGC) and consists of eight Jupyter notebooks covering glacier data preparation, institutional data preprocessing, basin delineation, dataset merging, filtering, quality control, attribute extraction, and climate data processing. A Conda environment file (`environment.yml`) and pip-installable project metadata (`pyproject.toml`) are provided for reproducing the environment. Contact Rodrigo Aguayo — [e-mail] Acknowledgments - Data providers: DGA Chile, SNIH Argentina, SENAMHI Peru- Funding: FWO