Probing the Biomolecular Interactions of DNA/HSA with the New Sn(IV) Complex and Computational Perspectives: Design, Synthesis, Characterization, Anticancer Activity, and Molecular Modeling Approach

The ligands 2,2′-bipyridyl
and indole-3-carboxylic acid
were used to create a Sn(IV) complex, which was then synthesized and
carefully characterized using elemental analysis and spectroscopic
techniques (UV–vis, IR, 1H, 13C, and 119Sn NMR, and ESI-MS) and RXPD. Utilizing biophysical techniques
such as UV–vis, fluorescence titrations, circular dichroism,
FTIR (for HSA), and cleavage activity (for DNA), in vitro binding studies of Sn(IV) complex and DNA/HSA were satisfied with
the strong electrostatic binding interaction of the Sn(IV) complex via the phosphate backbone of the DNA helix as well as in
the subdomain IIA of HSA. The observed trend in the binding interactions
and computational studies of the Sn(IV) complex was attributed to
the nature of the ligands bound to the Sn(IV) center that influences
their in vitro activities. The Sn(IV) complex showed
sufficient effectiveness to be considered a viable candidate for the
creation of anticancer medications.