Objective Numeracy Scale

The Objective Numeracy Scale (ONS) contains eight items aimed at assessing individual differences in numeracy, or the ability to understand, manipulate, and use numerical information. These differences often relate to decisions and decision-related processes, such as perceived risk and graph/chart comprehension. The ONS was developed from a larger pool of items including those used in pre-existing numeracy scales and was found to predict decision-making performance, supporting its predictive validity. It has been tested against previous numeracy scales, and performs comparatively, if not better than these past measures (Weller et al., 2012).

This scale has undergone several revisions. See below for updates.

Scale Update (02/2016): Please note that the last two questions, 7. and 8., are well known on Mechanical Turk. Items from Toplak, West, and Stanovich (2014) have been used as substitutes for those questions when administering the scale on MTurk. (Toplak, M., West, R., & Stanovich, K. (2014). Assessing miserly information processiong: An expansion of the Cognitive Reflection Test. Thinking & Reasoning, 20(2), 147-168.)

Scale Update (06/2014): Please note that we adjusted the list of accepted answers for most of the items. Many of these newly accepted answers include alternative formats to previously accepted answers. Further commentary is included in the material document.

Scale Update (02/2013): Please note that we adjusted the mammogram item on the numeracy scale to reduce guessing and improve the scale further (i.e., before the answer to the item was 1/2). There is evidence suggesting that when people do not know the answer to a probability judgment their answer is 1/2 or 50% (Fischhoff & Bruine de Bruin, 1999).

《客观数感量表》（ONS）包含八个条目，旨在评估个体在数感方面的差异，即理解、操作和使用数值信息的能力。这些差异通常与决策及其相关过程相关，例如感知风险和图表理解。ONS是在一个更大的条目库中开发的，其中包括那些用于现有数感量表的条目，并且发现它可以预测决策表现，从而支持其预测效度。该量表已与先前的数感量表进行了比较测试，其表现若非优于，亦至少与这些过往度量相当（Weller 等人，2012年）。

此量表已历经数度修订。以下为更新内容。

修订更新（2016年2月）：请注意，最后两个问题7和8在Mechanical Turk上广为人知。当在MTurk上使用量表时，Toplak、West和Stanovich（2014年）的研究成果已被用作这些问题替代品。（Toplak, M., West, R., & Stanovich, K. (2014). 评估吝啬的信息处理：认知反射测试的扩展。思维与推理，20(2)，147-168。）

修订更新（2014年6月）：请注意，我们对大多数条目的接受答案列表进行了调整。许多新的接受答案包括与先前接受答案不同的格式。更详细的说明包含在材料文档中。

修订更新（2013年2月）：请注意，我们对数感量表中的乳腺X光条目进行了调整，以减少猜测并进一步提高量表质量（即，在回答该条目之前，答案为1/2）。有证据表明，当人们不知道概率判断的答案时，他们的答案为1/2或50%（Fischhoff & Bruine de Bruin，1999年）。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是'Objective Numeracy Scale'（客观数学能力量表），包含八个项目，用于评估个体数学能力差异，并关联决策过程如风险感知。数据集基于预测量表开发，具有预测效度，并经历多次修订以优化项目设计。