Additional file 1 of Aphid adaptation to cucurbits: sugars, cucurbitacin and phloem structure in resistant and susceptible melons

Additional file 1: Table S1. Quantification of seven phloem-associated metabolites in six melon lines. Stachyose, trehalose, sucrose, raffinose and galactinol were analysed by GC-MS and quantified as the area under the chromatogram peak (no units) corrected by leaf sample weight (g). Cucurbitacin B and Glycosylated Cucurbitacin B were analysed by LC-MS and expressed as nM.mg-1. PI 161375 and PI 482398 melons carry different Vat resistance alleles, Védrantais and Charentais T are susceptible to aphids. Their isogenic and near-isogenic lines with resistance donors are noted [Védrantais]R_PI 161375 and [Charentais]R_PI 482398. Table S2. Quantification of five phloem-associated metabolites in healthy versus aphid-infested melon plants. Védrantais and its isogenic [Védrantais]R_PI 161375 plants were infested for 17h by NM1 aphid clone -triggering the Vat-mediated resistance- in both experiments, in experiment (1) by GWD2 aphids -triggering too the Vat-mediated resistance- and in experiment (2) by C6 aphids -no triggering the Vat-mediated resistance. Stachyose, sucrose and galactinol were analysed by GC-MS in melon leaves and expressed as peak area (no units) corrected by leaf sample weight (g). Cucurbitacin B and Glycosylated Cucurbitacin B were analysed by LC-MS and expressed as nMole.mg-1. Table S3. Quantification of seven metabolites in Okra and Védrantais melon plants. Sucrose, trehalose, galactinol, raffinose and stachyose were analysed by GC-MS and expressed as peak area/mg. Cucurbitacin B (Cb) and Glycosylated Cucurbitacin B (Cb-Glc) were analysed by LC-MS and expressed as nM/g. Table S4. Seven melon-associated metabolites in aphids during fasting. C6 adult aphids were reared on Védrantais melon plants, then fasted by batches of 20 to 50 individuals for 3h, 6h and 23h. t0 corresponds to the aphids sampled at rearing (before fasting). Stachyose, sucrose and galactinol were analysed by GC-MS in aphid batches and expressed as peak area (no units) corrected by the aphid batch weight (mg). Cucurbitacin B and Glycosylated Cucurbitacin B were not detected by LC-MS. Table S5. Stachyose, sucrose and galactinol in three aphid clones fed on Vat/non-Vat melons. Aphid clones were fed on Védrantais and its isogenic [Védrantais]R_PI161375 melon lines for 17h. NM1 aphids -triggering the Vat-mediated resistance- were used in both experiments, with either GWD2 aphids -triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (1), or C6 aphids -non-triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (2). Results are ratios of [metabolite quantity in an aphid batch]/[metabolite quantity in the leaf on which they fed]. Table S6. Quantification of stachyose, sucrose and galactinol in three aphid clones fed on Vat/non-Vat melon. Aphid clones were fasted for 4h and then fed on Védrantais and its isogenic [Védrantais]R_PI161375 melon lines for 17h. NM1 aphids -triggering the Vat-mediated resistance- were used in both experiments, with either GWD2 aphids -triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (1), or C6 aphids -non-triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (2). Stachyose, sucrose and galactinol were analysed by GC-MS in aphid batches and expressed as peak area (no units) corrected by the batch weight (mg). Table S7. Cucurbitacin B and Glycosylated Cucurbitacin B in aphids fasted and fed on Vat/non-Vat melons. Aphids were fasted for 4h and then fed on Védrantais and its isogenic [Védrantais]R_PI161375 melon lines for 17h. NM1 aphids -triggering the Vat-mediated resistance and GWD2 aphids -triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375. Results are expressed as peak area (no units) corrected by the aphid batch weight (mg). Table S8. Weight (mg) of three aphid clones fasted and fed on Vat/non-Vat melons. Aphids were fasted for 4h and then fed on Védrantais and its isogenic [Védrantais]R_PI161375 melon lines for 17h. NM1 aphids -triggering the Vat-mediated resistance- were used in both experiments, with either GWD2 aphids -triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (1), or C6 aphids -non-triggering the resistance in [Védrantais]R_PI161375- in experiment (2).