Cellular proteo-transcriptomic changes in the immediate early-phase of HIV-1 and 2 transduction

Human immunodeficiency viruses type 1 and 2 (HIV-1 and 2) are known to depend on the cellular machinery for their replication and survival. While most of the studies on cellular proteomic and transcriptomic changes focused on the late-phase of the infection, studies of those changes in early time-points; especially in the case of HIV-2, are widely lacking. Using 2nd generation HIV-1 and 2 VSV-G pseudotyped lentiviral vectors, we transduced HEK-293T cells, and carried out transcriptomic profiling and proteomic analysis at 0 and 2h time points. Significant variations were observed in gene expression profile between HIV-1 and HIV-2 transduced samples. Thrombospondin 1 (THBS1), collagens (COL1A2, COL3A1) and eukaryotic translation factors (EIF3CL), in addition to various genes coding for long-non-coding RNA (lncRNA) were significantly upregulated at 2h time-point after HIV-2 transduction, compared to HIV-1. Label-free quantification mass spectrometry indicated that 7 proteins involved in RNA binding, mRNA transport, and chaperoning were significantly downregulated. Identification of cellular protein targets of HIV, and their effect on the cellular transcriptome will undoubtedly shed more light on their complex life cycle, and may be utilized against the infection, furthermore, characterizing the early-phase of HIV-2 infection may aid in the understanding of its pathomechanism, and long incubation period. Transcriptomic analysis of HIV-1,HIV-2 and VSV.G-MOCK transduced HEK 293T cells at 0 and 2h timepoints