A multi-adjuvant nanovaccine platform based on targeted delivery of specific antigens for cancer immunotherapy

Cance vaccines have become a milestone in immunotherapy, but inadequate activation rate of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and low delivery efficiency of specific antigen have widely limited their clinical application. Here we design an engineered vaccine platform based on targeted delivery of specific antigens to activated APCs. This vaccine platform is implemented by loading stimulator of interferon genes agonist and tumor lysate protein with calcium phosphate as adjuvants, and coating the surface with mannose-modified liposomes. By loading different types of tumor antigen proteins, this nanovaccine platform successfully achieves tumor immunotherapy in breast and colon cancer bearing mice. In addition, personalized nanovaccine prepared from surgically removed tumor lysate proteins also significantly suppresses postsurgical distant tumor. Through the design of nanovaccine platform, we provide an efficient multi-adjuvant delivery platform for multiple types of tumor antigens, and also offer more ideas for personalized vaccine immunization. This nanovaccine platform has great prospects for transformation due to the designability and simplicity for the preparation. DC2.4 cells were co-cultured with mLCAP (cGAMP: 85.8 ng mL-1, lysate protein: 63.6 μg mL-1) for 24 h. Total RNA was extracted using RNAiso plus reagent (TaKaRa Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd), and then RNA quality was determined by 5300 bioanalyzer (Agilent). RNA purification, reverse transcription, library construction, and sequencing were performed at Genecreate Biotechnology Co., LTD. (Wuhan, China) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Cell transcriptomic data analysis was performed on the Genecreate Biotechnology cloud platform (China).