РЕЧІ І РЕЧОВІ ПРАВА: ВІД РИМСЬКОГО ПРАВА ДО СУЧАСНОГО ПРАВОРОЗУМІННЯ

The article by O. A. Khalabudenko traces the evolution of the concepts of “thing” and “real right” from Roman private law to contemporary civil‑law theory, showing their methodological significance for modern property law. The author argues that the classical Roman distinctions between res corporales and res incorporales, as well as between actio in rem and actio in personam, still structure the dogmatics of real rights, but cannot be mechanically transferred to current legal realities. On this basis, the paper reconstructs how proprietary logic gradually spread to various categories of patrimonial rights (including claims), and defends the view that the criteria for classifying rights as real or obligatory depend not on the physical nature of the object but on the mode of acquisition and the type of legal protection (erga omnes or relative effect).