Mimicking Clinical Trials with Synthetic Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients Using Generative Artificial Intelligence

We used two different methodologies of generative artificial intelligence, CTAB-GAN+ and normalizing flows (NFlow), to synthesize patient data based on 1606 patients with acute myeloid leukemia that were treated within four multicenter clinical trials. The resulting data set consists of 1606 synthetic patients for each of the models.

This dataset is associated with our publication "Mimicking clinical trials with synthetic acute myeloid leukemia patients using generative artificial intelligence" by Eckardt et al., npj Digital Medicine, 2024 (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-024-01076-x). If you use this dataset, please cite our paper.

Data Dictionary

NAME
LABEL
TYPE
CODELIST

AGE
age
num
in years

AMLSTAT
AML status
char
de novo, sAML, tAML

ASXL1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

ATRX
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

BCOR
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

BCORL1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

BRAF
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CALR
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CBL
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CBLB
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CDKN2A
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CEBPA
CEBPA mutation
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CGCX
complex cytogenetic karyotype
char
0 'No', 1 'Yes'

CGNK
cytogenetic normal karyotype
char
0 'No', 1 'Yes'

CR1
first complete remission
char
0 = 'not achieved', 1 = 'achieved'

CSF3R
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

CUX1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

DNMT3A
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

EFSSTAT
status variable for EFSTM
num
0 'censored' 1 'event'

EFSTM
event free survival time
num
in months

ETV6
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

EXAML
extramedullary AML
char
0 'No', 1 'Yes'

EZH2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

FBXW7
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

FLT3I
FLT3-ITD mutation status
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

FLT3T
FLT3-TKD mutation status
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

GATA2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

GNAS
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

HB
hemoglobin
num
in mmol/l

HRAS
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

IDH1
IDH1 mutation status
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

IDH2
IDH2 mutation status
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

IKZF1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

JAK2
Jak2 Mutation
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

KDM6A
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

KIT
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

KRAS
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

MPL
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

MYD88
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

NOTCH1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

NPM1
NPM1 mutation status
char
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

NRAS
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

OSSTAT
status variable for OSTM
num
0 'censored' 1 'event'

OSTM
overall survival time
num
in months

PDGFRA
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

PHF6
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

PLT
platelet count
num
in 10⁶/l

PTEN
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

PTPN11
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

RAD21
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

RUNX1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SETBP1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SEX
sex
char
f 'female', m 'male'

SF3B1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SMC1A
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SMC3
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SRSF2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

STAG2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

SUBJID
subject identifier
char

TET2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

TP53
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

U2AF1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

WBC
white blood count
num
in 10⁶/l

WT1
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

ZRSR2
mutation indicator, NGS
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

inv16_t16.16
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t8.21
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.6.9..p23.q34.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

inv.3..q21.q26.2.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

minus.5
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

del.5q.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.9.22..q34.q11.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

minus.7
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

minus.17
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.v.11..v.q23.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

abn.17p.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.9.11..p21.23.q23.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.3.5.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.6.11.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.10.11.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

t.11.19..q23.p13.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

del.7q.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

del.9q.
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

trisomy 8
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

trisomy 21
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

minus.Y
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'

minus.X
mutation indicator, cytogenetics
num
0 = 'no mutation', 1 = 'mutation'