Establishment of a Chinese critical care database from electronic healthcare records in a tertiary care medical center

The medical specialty of critical care, or intensive care, provides emergency medical care to patients suffering from life-threatening complications and injuries. The medical specialty is featured by the generation of a huge amount of high-granularity data in routine practice. The data comprise hourly vital signs, ventilator waveforms, medical orders, and laboratory results. Currently, these data are well archived in the hospital information system for the primary purpose of routine clinical practice. However, data scientists have noticed that in-depth mining of such big data may provide insights into the pathophysiology of underlying diseases and healthcare practices. Clinical questions related to risk factors, predictive analytics, cost-effectiveness, and causal inference can be addressed with the critical care database. There have been several openly accessible critical care databases being established, which have generated hundreds of scientific outputs published scientific journals. However, such work is still in its infancy in China. China has a large patient population, which contributes to the generation of a large healthcare database in hospitals. The establishment and sharing of such a database can help to promote the open data science and discover novel scientific knowledge in a collaborative way. In this data descriptor article, we report the establishment of an openly accessible critical care database generated from hospital information system. The database comprises 8180 unique hospital admissions for 7638 individual patients from January 2012 to May 2022. The database contains 11 plain text relational tables that can be linked by _hospital_ID_.重症监护（critical care）医学，又称加强医疗专科，为罹患致命性并发症与创伤的患者提供急诊医疗救治。该医学专科的典型特征为，在日常临床实践中会产生海量高粒度医疗数据。此类数据涵盖每小时生命体征、呼吸机波形、临床医嘱与实验室检验结果。 目前，此类数据均已妥善归档于医院信息系统（hospital information system），其初始设计目的仅为支撑日常临床工作。然而，数据科学家已发现，对这类大数据开展深度挖掘，可为揭示潜在疾病的病理生理学机制与优化临床医疗实践提供全新视角。借助重症监护数据库（critical care database），可解答与危险因素识别、预测分析、成本效益评估及因果推断相关的各类临床问题。 目前全球已建成多个公开可获取的重症监护数据库，相关研究已产出数百篇发表于学术期刊的科研成果。但此类工作在我国仍处于起步阶段。我国拥有庞大的患者群体，可推动医院构建大规模医疗数据库。建立并共享此类数据库，有助于推动开放数据科学的发展，并以协同合作的方式发掘全新的科学知识。 在本数据描述性文章中，我们报告了一款基于医院信息系统构建的公开可获取重症监护数据库的建立流程。该数据库涵盖2012年1月至2022年5月期间，7638名独立患者的8180次独立住院就诊记录。数据库包含11张可通过_hospital_ID_进行关联的纯文本关系型数据表。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一个基于中国三级医疗中心电子健康记录构建的重症监护数据库，涵盖2012年至2022年间7638名患者的8180次住院记录，包含11个关系型表格，涉及人口统计学、诊断、实验室结果等多类临床数据。数据经过去标识化处理，支持重症监护医学研究，是中国首个公开的重症监护数据库之一，旨在促进数据共享和科研合作。