ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS IN THE TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycaemia resulting from impaired insulin secretion and reduced tissue sensitivity to insulin. According to the International Diabetes Federation’s 2025 data, 589 million people aged 20–79 years worldwide are living with diabetes, more than 250 million of whom remain unaware of their condition [2]. Timely glycaemic control reduces the risk of complications, including retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease [1].