METHODS ACTIVELY USED IN LINGUISTIC RESEARCH

This article discusses the main methods actively used in linguistic research. Linguistics, as a scientific field that studies language, speech, communication, meaning, structure and language development, relies on various research methods. The correct choice of methodology is one of the most important factors determining the scientific value of linguistic investigation. In modern linguistics, descriptive, comparative, historical-comparative, structural, distributive, componential, contextual, statistical, experimental, sociolinguistic, psycholinguistic and corpus-based methods are widely used. Each of these methods has its own purpose, analytical possibilities and practical significance. The article explains the essence of these methods and their application in phonetics, lexicology, grammar, semantics, pragmatics, discourse analysis and translation studies. Special attention is paid to the importance of combining traditional linguistic methods with modern digital and corpus-based approaches. The paper concludes that linguistic research becomes more objective, systematic and scientifically reliable when different methods are applied in an integrated manner.