Frequency of significant effects of sex, arrangement, and sex × arrangement interaction in simulated data sets.

*Frequency of transmission of wild-type non-recombinants – either according to Mendelian expectations (p = 0.5) or using the observed frequency when summing across replicates. Fraction of simulated data sets that reveal a significant effect of †sex of heterozygous parent, ‡wild-type chromosomal arrangement carried by heterozygous parent, ¥sex by arrangement interaction, or **both wild-type arrangement and sex by arrangement interaction.