Summary of sexual differences in eight homologous morphological measurements in wild-caught <i>G. pennsylvanicus</i>.

†All differences (except for mandible length asymmetry and mean femur length) were tested using Student's t-tests for unequal variances after Levene's tests for equality of variances detected significant heteroscedasticity. ‡Loadings give the correlations between each measurement and the discriminant function separating males and females. *p<0.05. ***p<0.001.