NCES National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS)

The National Teacher and Principal Survey (NTPS) is a system of related questionnaires that provide descriptive data on the context of elementary and secondary education while also giving policymakers a variety of statistics on the condition of education in the United States.

The NTPS is a redesign of the Schools and Staffing Survey (SASS), which the National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) conducted from 1987 to 2011. The design of the NTPS is a product of three key goals coming out of the SASS program: flexibility, timeliness, and integration with other Department of Education collections. The NTPS collects data on core topics including teacher and principal preparation, classes taught, school characteristics, and demographics of the teacher and principal labor force every two to three years. In addition, each administration of NTPS contains rotating modules on important education topics such as: professional development, working conditions, and evaluation. This approach allows policy makers and researchers to assess trends on both stable and dynamic topics. The NTPS utilizes primarily internet and paper data collection instruments.

The NTPS is a large sample survey of America's public and private elementary and secondary schools. Charter schools are included in the study.

The NTPS consists of four questionnaires:

A Teacher Listing Form to obtain a list of teachers from each school. To reduce burden, a sample of teachers is selected from this list of all teachers at the school;
A School Questionnaire that obtains information on the characteristics of the school;
A Principal Questionnaire that collects information on the principal;
A Teacher Questionnaire that collects information on the sampled teacher.
The NTPS design produces estimates at the national level and is designed to support analysis of a variety of subgroups including: elementary, middle, high, and combined; federal free or reduced-price lunch program; urban, suburban, rural, and town; and traditional public and public charter school types.

全国教师与校长调查（National Teacher and Principal Survey, NTPS）是一套关联问卷体系，可为初等与中等教育的办学环境提供描述性数据，同时为政策制定者提供美国教育状况的多维度统计信息。

NTPS是对1987年至2011年间由美国国家教育统计中心（National Center for Education Statistics, NCES）开展的学校与人员配置调查（Schools and Staffing Survey, SASS）的重新设计。NTPS的设计契合了SASS项目提出的三大核心目标：灵活性、时效性，以及与美国教育部其他数据采集项目的整合性。NTPS每2至3年采集核心主题的数据，涵盖教师与校长任职准备、授课情况、学校特征，以及教师与校长劳动力群体的人口统计学特征。此外，每一轮NTPS调查均设置针对重要教育主题的轮换模块，例如专业发展、工作环境与教学评价。该设计可帮助政策制定者与研究者针对稳定主题与动态变化主题分别开展趋势分析。NTPS主要采用线上与纸质两种数据采集工具。

NTPS是针对美国公立与私立初等及中等学校的大型抽样调查，本研究涵盖特许学校。

NTPS包含四类问卷：
教师清单表：用于从每所学校获取教师名单，为减轻填报负担，将从该校全体教师名单中抽取教师样本；
学校问卷：用于采集学校特征相关信息；
校长问卷：用于采集校长相关信息；
教师问卷：用于采集抽选教师的相关信息。

NTPS的设计可生成全国层面的估算数据，同时支持针对多类子群体的分析，包括：初等、中等、高中及混合学段学校；联邦免费或减价午餐计划参与群体；城市、郊区、乡村及城镇区域群体；以及传统公立学校与公立特许学校两类办学类型。