The Dataset for: Rapid and non-destructive diagnosis of lithium-ion batteries via quantification of anode spatial degradation

The high-throughput dynamic usage dataset developed in this study consists of 81 commercial high-nickel NMC811/Gr-SiOx cells (LG Chem, INR18650-MJ1, nominal capacity of 3.5 Ah and nominal voltage of 3.635 V). All experiments were performed at a controlled temperature of 25 °C.

The relaxation dataset contains voltage responses at different SOCs during rest steps, obtained from RPTs under each usage scenario. The periodic RPTs were carried out every 100 cycles using the diagnostic protocol, which sampled at 2.5% SOC intervals within the 40–80% SOC range. At each SOC point, two sequences were applied: (i) 0.1C charging, a 10 min Rest1, a 2C 10 s pulse, followed by a 20 min Rest2; and (ii) 0.5C charging, a 30 min Rest1, a 2C 10 s pulse, followed by a 20 min Rest2.

The retention dataset contains capacity retention data for all cells across both cycling and RPTs.