Angle-domain Fresnel beam migration based on attenuation compensation

To address the amplitude attenuation and phase distortion of seismic waves in viscoacoustic media, this paper proposes an angle-domain Fresnel beam migration method incorporating attenuation compensation. The method introduces complex traveltime in viscoacoustic media to accurately correct the amplitude and phase of the wavefield and dynamically adjusts the Fresnel beam width to enhance the constraint and focusing capability of the beam on reflected energy. This enables simultaneous compensation for the energy loss and waveform distortion during wave propagation. Numerical simulations and field data tests demonstrate that the method effectively compensates for the attenuation of reflected energy in medium and deep layers, improves amplitude fidelity and imaging clarity, and thereby significantly increases imaging resolution. The extracted angle-domain common-image gathers (ADCIGs) exhibit more balanced energy distribution and better focusing performance. Overall, the method shows strong adaptability and imaging stability in viscoacoustic media, offering a practical and effective approach for high-resolution migration in complex subsurface structures.