Ontological Assessment Model for Assessing Industry 5.0 Readiness: the Holistic Maturity Model 5.0

The intersection of sustainability and digitalization creates a synergy in which they emerge as a single entity. This phenomenon, known in the literature as "digitainbility," represents the harmonious fusion between the goal of achieving sustainability and the increasingly pervasive application of digital technologies. Simultaneously, the adoption of the Industry 5.0 paradigm is growing, which heavily relies on these two fundamental pillars: the utilization of digital technologies to promote environmental sustainability and operational resilience, all oriented towards the centrality of human needs. Based on the considerations presented thus far, it is evident that companies should evaluate the level of maturity concerning these concepts to determine their readiness for the transition toward Industry 5.0.
Following a careful literature review of assessment models (maturity models and standards) about sustainability and digitization, conducted in a previous paper by the authors, the need emerged to define a "holistic" maturity model that is capable of contextually assessing all aspects of the Industry 5.0 issues and at all company levels. Therefore, the paper aims to design the Holistic Maturity Model 5.0 (HMM5.0). The Holistic Maturity Model 5.0 was constructed according to the Design Science Research (DSR) Approach, defining indicators, dimensions, policy, and evaluation methods. Finally, the model was formalized using an ontological approach by formally and explicitly describing the terms, roles, properties, and possible constraints.