Zero-Dimensional Lead-Free Hybrid Perovskite-like Material with a Quantum-Well Structure

Low-dimensional perovskites are an emerging class of materials
with high stability and excellent optoelectronic properties. Herein,
we introduce a novel, lead-free, zero-dimensional perovskite-like
material, (1,3-propanediammonium)2Bi2I10·2H2O, for optoelectronic applications. This material
exhibited good moisture and thermal stability under ambient conditions.
Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a quantum-well
structure having the inorganic Bi2I104– clusters periodically arranged in the crystallographic “c” axis separated by a distance of 5.36 Å, sandwiched
by independent layers of organic cations. The density functional theory
calculations showed that the oxygen in water molecules has a significant
contribution to the band edges of the material. The photodetector
device fabricated using this material showed an efficient charge separation
at low voltage (1 V) due to the good electronic conduction between
the Bi2I104– dimer units.