Global long-term ecoregion-level dataset of biodiversity indicators

This dataset provides spatially explicit biodiversity data for four terrestrial vertebrate groups—mammals, amphibians, reptiles, and birds. It includes five time slices (1990, 2020, 2030, 2050, and 2100), enabling the assessment of biodiversity patterns and their long-term changes from past to future. The dataset contains four ecoregion-level indicators: species richness, threatened species richness, species endemism, and AOH density. These indicators were derived from species-level environmental suitability mapping that integrates both climatic conditions and habitat constraints, thereby providing a consistent basis for representing species distributions across time. By combining broad taxonomic coverage, a long-term temporal framework, and standardized ecoregion-level metrics, this dataset supports analyses of global biodiversity patterns, conservation priorities, and projected future changes under environmental change.