Data from: Anxiety and depressive symptoms are associated with poor sleep health during a period of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown: a cross-sectional analysis of adults in the Middle East

Background: Jordan, a Middle Eastern country, declared a state of national
emergency due to the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) and a strict nation-wide
lockdown on March 17, 2020, banning all travel and movement around the
country, potentially impacting mental health. This study sought to
investigate the association between mental health (e.g., anxiety and
depressive symptoms) and sleep health among a sample of Jordanians living
through a state of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown. Methods: Using
Facebook, participants (N=1,240) in Jordan in March 2020 were recruited
and direct to a web-based survey measuring anxiety (items from GAD-7
instrument), depressive symptoms (items from DES-10), sleep health (items
from the PSQI), and sociodemographic. A modified Poisson regression model
with robust error variance. Adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs) and 95%
confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to examine how anxiety and
depressive symptoms may affect different dimensions of sleep health: 1)
poor sleep quality, 2) short sleep duration, 3) encountering sleep
problems. Results: The majority of participants reported having
experienced mild (33.8%), moderate (12.9%), or severe (6.3%) levels of
anxiety during lockdown, and nearly half of respondents reported
depressive symptoms during lockdown. Similarly, over 60 percent of
participants reported having experienced at least one sleep problem in the
last week, and nearly half reported having had short sleep duration.
Importantly, Anxiety was associated with poor sleep health outcomes. For
example, corresponding to the dose-response relationship between anxiety
and sleep health outcomes, those reporting severe anxiety were the most
likely to experience poor sleep quality (aPR =8.95; 95% CI =6.12–13.08),
short sleep duration (aPR =2.23; 95% CI = 1.91–2.61), and at least one
problem sleep problem (aPR = 1.73; 95% CI = 1.54–1.95). Moreover,
depressive symptoms were also associated with poor sleep health outcomes.
As compared to scoring in the first quartile, scoring fourth quartile was
associated with poor sleep quality (aPR = 11.82; 95% CI = 6.64 – 21.04),
short sleep duration (aPR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.58–2.22), and experiencing at
least one sleep problem (aPR = 1.90; 95% CI = 1.66 – 2.18). Conclusions:
Increased levels of anxiety and depressive symptoms can negatively
influence sleep health among a sample of Jordanian adults living in a
state of COVID-19 induced nation-wide lockdown.