p38 MAPK signaling

p38 MAPKs are members of the MAPK family that are activated by a variety of environmental stresses and inflammatory cytokines. Stress signals are delivered to this cascade by members of small GTPases of the Rho family (Rac, Rho, Cdc42). As with other MAPK cascades, the membrane-proximal component is a MAPKKK, typically a MEKK or a mixed lineage kinase (MLK). The MAPKKK phosphorylates and activated MKK3/5, the p38 MAPK kinase. MKK3/6 can also be activated directly by ASK1, which is stimulated by apoptotic stimuli. P38 MAK is involved in regulation of Hsp27 and MAPKAP-2 and several transcription factors including ATF2, STAT1, THE Max/Myc complex, MEF-2, ELK-1 and indirectly CREB via activation of MSK1. Proteins on this pathway have targeted assays available via the [https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP400 CPTAC Assay Portal].

p38 MAPKs（丝裂原活化蛋白激酶家族成员）在多种环境压力和炎症细胞因子的作用下被激活。应激信号通过Rho家族（Rac、Rho、Cdc42）的小GTPase家族成员传递至这一级联反应。与其他MAPK级联反应类似，膜近端的组分是MAPKKK，通常是MEKK或混合谱系激酶（MLK）。MAPKKK通过磷酸化并激活MKK3/5，即p38 MAPK激酶。MKK3/6也可直接被ASK1激活，而ASK1的激活则由凋亡刺激引起。p38 MAK参与调控Hsp27和MAPKAP-2，以及包括ATF2、STAT1、Max/Myc复合体、MEF-2、ELK-1等在内的多个转录因子，并间接通过MSK1的激活作用于CREB。该通路上的蛋白质可通过[CPTAC检测门户](https://assays.cancer.gov/available_assays?wp_id=WP400)进行靶向检测。