Open Relational Dataset of Nineteenth-Century Material Culture and Spatial Nodes along the Camino Real (Honda–Santafé de Bogotá, Colombia, 1822–1910)

This dataset compiles and normalizes historical-archaeological evidence of the material culture of transit and dwelling along Colombia's primary nineteenth-century trade artery—the Camino Real linking Honda on the Magdalena River to Santafé de Bogotá—extracted from seventeen travelogues published between 1822 and 1910. Designed under FAIR guiding principles (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable), the relational database consists of four UTF-8 CSV tables linking bibliographic metadata (01_obras_corpus.csv, 17 works), a hierarchical taxonomy of six descriptive categories (02_categorias.csv), 138 verbatim material culture records coded for raw material and expected archaeological preservation (03_evidencia_material.csv), and 145 spatial mentions across 83 unique road nodes, landmarks, boundaries, and trail segments (04_mencion_referentes.csv). It serves both as an empirical reference model for preventive/commercial archaeology (CRM) along Andean historic roads and as a human-curated ground-truth benchmark for evaluating Large Language Model (LLM) text-mining pipelines.