Data and analyses for: Localised patterns of wild bee abundance indicate woodlands play multiple roles in supporting farmland populations

Higher woodland cover has been linked to increased wild bee abundance and diversity in temperate agricultural landscapes. However, our understanding of the roles played by the upper and lower strata of woodlands in supporting on-farm bees throughout the season is lacking.
To explore these roles, we sampled bees (Anthophila) in deciduous woodland canopies and understories, and in an open habitat (at field margins), from May to July, at 12 sites across agricultural landscapes in Norfolk, England.
Before canopy closure in late spring, relative abundance in the two woodland habitats was generally higher, and canopies with flowering Acer pseudoplatanus L. supported more bees. However, throughout the season, open-habitat bee abundance was consistently higher closer to woodlands. After canopy closure, more open areas within woodlands were linked to greater bee abundance, except during a spike in temperatures when understory relative abundance was also at its highest.
These results indicat..., , # Data and analyses for: Localised patterns of wild bee abundance indicate woodlands play multiple roles in supporting farmland populations

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.5dv41nshm](10.5061/dryad.5dv41nshm)

## Description of the data and file structure

### Files and variables

#### File: Complete\_analyses\_-\_Allen\_et\_al\_2025.Rmd

**Description:** R code to run all analyses presented in manuscript.

#### File: First\_season\_data1.csv

**Description:** All data contributing to the main analyses presented in the manuscript (Models 1 - 13 in Table 2). For further details on variables, see Methods and Table 1 in the manuscript. Empty cells indicate that the variable is not applicable to the observation in question (except in rows 327 and 404 where they indicate that the observation is missing because of trap failure).

##### Variables

* period: sampling period (I = 'Early May', II = 'Late May', III = 'Mid-June', IV = 'Mid-July')
* trap: trap location ID
* lat: latitude
* long: longitu...,