Data from: A multi-dimensional selective landscape drives adaptive divergence between and within closely related Phlox species

Selection causes local adaptation across populations within species and
simultaneously divergence between species. However, it is unclear if
either the force of or the response to selection is similar across these
scales. We show that natural selection drives divergence between closely
related species in a pattern that is distinct from local adaptation within
species. We use reciprocal transplant experiments across three species of
Phlox wildflowers to characterize widespread adaptive divergence. Using
provenance trials, we also find strong local adaptation between
populations within a species. Comparing divergence and selection between
these two scales of diversity we discover that one suite of traits
predicts fitness differences between species and that an independent suite
of traits predicts fitness variation within species. Selection drives
divergence between species, contributing to speciation, while
simultaneously favoring extensive diversity that is maintained across
populations within a species. Our work demonstrates how the selection
landscape is complex and multidimensional.