Long-range resection of DNA DSBs by EXO1 or DNA2
收藏reactome.org2025-01-16 收录
下载链接:
https://reactome.org/PathwayBrowser/#/R-HSA-5685994
下载链接
链接失效反馈官方服务:
资源简介:
DNA nucleases EXO1 and DNA2 function redundantly in yeast (Zhu et al. 2008) and humans (Nimonkar et al. 2011) in long-range resection of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Both DNA nucleases act after short 3' ssDNA overhangs are created by the initial resection of DNA DSBs mediated by MRE11A and RBBP8 (CtIP). The roles of BLM (Bloom syndrome helicase) and WRN (Werner syndrome helicase) in facilitation of EXO1- or DNA2-mediated resection of DNA DSBs are also redundant.<p>EXO1 possesses an intrinsic 5'->3' exonuclease activity. The ATPase activity of BLM DNA helicase is not required for EXO1 catalytic activity, but BLM increases the affinity of EXO1 for DNA ends (Nimonkar et al. 2008). WRN can also positively affect EXO1 exonuclease activity, although the mechanism is not clear (Sturzenegger et al. 2014).<p>The DNA endonuclease DNA2 has to form a complex with either BLM (Nimonkar et al. 2011) or WRN (Sturzenegger et al. 2014) in order to perform a 5'->3' directed resection of DNA DSBs. BLM forms an evolutionarily conserved complex with TOP3A, RMI1 and RMI2, known as the STR complex in yeast (Zhu et al. 2008) and the BTB or BTRR complex in humans. The entire BTRR complex participates in the activation of DNA2-mediated resection of DNA DSBs (Sturzenegger et al. 2014).<p>While ATR signaling may be detectable in the absence of long-range resection of DNA DSBs by EXO1 or DNA2 (Eid et al. 2010), EXO1 or DNA2 activity may be necessary to achieve biologically meaningful level of ATR activation (Gravel et al. 2008).<p>BRIP1 (BACH1, FANCJ) is a DNA helicase recruited to DNA DSBs by interaction with BRCA1 (Cantor et al. 2001) and BLM (Suhasini et al. 2011). BRIP1 is necessary for BRCA1-mediated homology-directed repair of DNA DSBs, and BRIP1 loss-of-function mutations are found in familial breast cancer (Cantor et al. 2001, Litman et al. 2005). The exact role of BRIP1 in DNA repair is not completely clear. BRIP1 is needed for the successful formation of RPA foci and, subsequently, RAD51 foci (Xie et al. 2012). The available evidence suggest that it cooperates with BLM in unwinding of DNA DSBs during resection (Suhasini et al. 2011, Sarkies et al. 2012), and may be especially important for unwinding of DNA that contains oxidative damage (Suhasini et al. 2009).
DNA核酸酶EXO1和DNA2在酵母(Zhu等,2008年)和人类(Nimonkar等,2011年)中发挥冗余作用,参与长距离切除DNA双链断裂(DSBs)。这两种DNA核酸酶均在MRE11A和RBBP8(CtIP)介导的DNA DSBs初步切除后产生的短3'单链DNA(ssDNA)突出端之后发挥作用。Bloom综合征解旋酶(BLM)和Werner综合征解旋酶(WRN)在促进EXO1或DNA2介导的DNA DSBs切除中也具有冗余作用。<p>EXO1具有内在的5'->3'外切酶活性。BLM DNA解旋酶的ATP酶活性对于EXO1的催化活性并非必需,但BLM可以提高EXO1对DNA末端的亲和力(Nimonkar等,2008年)。WRN也可以正性影响EXO1外切酶活性,尽管其机制尚不明确(Sturzenegger等,2014年)。<p>DNA内切酶DNA2必须与BLM(Nimonkar等,2011年)或WRN(Sturzenegger等,2014年)形成复合物,才能执行5'->3'方向的DNA DSBs切除。BLM与TOP3A、RMI1和RMI2形成进化上保守的复合物,在酵母中被称为STR复合物(Zhu等,2008年),在人类中称为BTB或BTRR复合物。整个BTRR复合物参与激活DNA2介导的DNA DSBs切除(Sturzenegger等,2014年)。<p>尽管在没有EXO1或DNA2引起的DNA DSBs长距离切除的情况下,ATR信号可能可检测到(Eid等,2010年),但EXO1或DNA2的活性可能是实现具有生物学意义的ATR激活水平所必需的(Gravel等,2008年)。<p>BRIP1(BACH1、FANCJ)是一种通过与BRCA1(Cantor等,2001年)和BLM(Suhasini等,2011年)相互作用而被招募到DNA DSBs的DNA解旋酶。BRIP1对于BRCA1介导的DNA DSBs同源定向修复是必需的,且在家族性乳腺癌中发现了BRIP1功能缺失突变(Cantor等,2001年,Litman等,2005年)。BRIP1在DNA修复中的确切作用尚不完全清楚。BRIP1对于RPA焦点的成功形成以及随后的RAD51焦点的形成是必需的(Xie等,2012年)。现有证据表明,它在与BLM合作解开DNA DSBs过程中发挥作用(Suhasini等,2011年,Sarkies等,2012年),并且可能在含有氧化损伤的DNA的解开中尤为重要(Suhasini等,2009年)。
提供机构:
Reactome



