The findings of meta-analysis on functional changes by pain-related regions: BOLD/CBF.

See Table 3 for the abbreviations of the brain regions. N/A: The study did not report the findings of negative changes. The asterisk denotes that the finding was derived from a ROI-specific analysis. Upward and downward arrows denote positive and negative changes, respectively (without showing the sub-region of the change). a, anterior; m, mid; p, posterior; i, inferior; s, superior; o, oribitofrontal; PM, connection with the premotor cortex; PF, connection with the prefrontal cortex. 1Affected side > Unaffected side; 2the findings shown in ‘Decreased activation’ represents ‘placebo>drug’; 3baseline cerebral blood flow; 4effect of cognitive and emotional interference; 5increased resting-stated/pain-evoking functional connectivity between the insula and these regions.