Mind Over Media Dataset

The research hypothesizes that a growth mindset positively influences well-being, while perceived peer pressure, fear of missing out, perceived cybervictimization, and social comparison orientation negatively affect well-being. A structural equation modeling approach tests these hypotheses using data from a survey of 612 undergraduate students aged 18–24, exploring relationships between social media use factors, growth mindset, and well-being. The final sample consisted of 612 respondents. These participants’ age range from 18 to 24 years old (Mage = 19.54, SDage = 1.24; 67.5% females, 27.8% males, 4.7% alternatives).

The data was collected through a questionnaire comprised of seven sections including 1) Personal Information (participants provided basic details such as gender, age, and year of study, social media spending time (respondents shared insights into their daily social media usage, including the average time spent on various platforms), 2) PERMA Well-being (this section assessed participants' overall well-being across five dimensions: Positive Emotions, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment), 3) Growth Mindset (participants evaluated their beliefs about challenges, obstacles, effort, criticism, and success of others), 4) Social Comparison Orientation (Respondents indicated their tendency to compare themselves to others regarding to abilities and opinions, 5) Perceived peer pressure (participants rated the extent to which they felt pressured by their peers to use social media for various activities), 6) Fear of missing out (respondents assessed their levels of missing out on three aspects of fear of missing out, on social events, news, and commercial), and 7) Perceived cybervictimization (participants reported how often participants experienced four types of cybervictimization: visual cybervictimization, verbal cybervictimization, social exclusion, and impersonation.

Notable findings shows a growth mindset strongly correlates with enhanced well-being, substantiating the hypothesis that personal belief that is malleable promotes better mental health. Social comparison orientation negatively impacts well-being, indicating that unfavorable comparisons on social platforms reduce mental health. However, social comparison’s negative impact on well-being is mitigated by a growth mindset, emphasizing cognitive buffers against social media induced ill-being. In addition, fear of missing out demonstrated a positive association with well-being. This contrasts with its traditionally negative portrayal, suggesting that under certain conditions, staying informed via social media fosters connection and satisfaction.

本研究假设成长型思维对幸福感具有积极影响，而感知到的同伴压力、错失恐惧、感知到的网络受害以及社会比较倾向则对幸福感产生负面影响。通过结构方程模型方法，利用对612名18至24岁本科生的调查数据对这些假设进行检验，探究社交媒体使用因素、成长型思维与幸福感之间的关系。最终样本包括612名受访者。这些参与者的年龄范围在18至24岁之间（平均年龄为19.54岁，标准差为1.24；女性占67.5%，男性占27.8%，其他占4.7%）。数据收集通过包含七个部分的问卷进行，包括：1) 个人信息（参与者提供了如性别、年龄和学年等基本信息，以及社交媒体使用时间，受访者分享了他们在各种平台上的平均使用时间），2) PERMA幸福感（本部分评估了参与者在五个维度上的整体幸福感：积极情绪、参与度、关系、意义和成就），3) 成长型思维（参与者评估了自己对挑战、障碍、努力、批评和他人成功的信念），4) 社会比较倾向（受访者表明了他们在能力和观点上与他人比较的倾向），5) 感知到的同伴压力（参与者评价了他们在多大程度上感受到同伴对他们在社交媒体上从事各种活动的压力），6) 错失恐惧（受访者评估了他们在社交活动、新闻和商业三个方面感到错失恐惧的程度），以及7) 感知到的网络受害（参与者报告了他们经历四种类型网络受害的频率：视觉网络受害、言语网络受害、社会排斥和冒充）。显著发现显示成长型思维与增强的幸福感有强烈的关联，证实了个人可塑信念促进更好心理健康这一假设。社会比较倾向对幸福感产生负面影响，表明在社会平台上进行的不利比较会降低心理健康。然而，社会比较对幸福感的负面影响被成长型思维所缓解，强调了认知缓冲对社交媒体诱导的负面影响的抵御作用。此外，错失恐惧与幸福感表现出积极的关联。这与它传统的负面描绘形成对比，表明在特定条件下，通过社交媒体保持信息的更新可以促进联系和满足感。